Education is a process of human development. Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation refers to a system of school based assessment that covers all aspects of student‘s development. Now according to Right to Education act Continuous Comprehensive Evaluation become mandatory at primary level of education. In the present study 50 women teachers have been selected randomly. Teacher attitude scale developed by Dr. VishalShood and AartiAnand has been been used to measure teachers attitude towards effectiveness of CCE . t-value has been used for data analysis and found significant difference between the attitude of female teachers of govt. school and female teachers of non govt. school towards the effectiveness of CCE

Today’s consumers, especially in the urban areas, have far evolved and expect their shopping experience to be seamless across every channel, whether it’s a brick-and mortar store, an e-commerce website, a mobile app, or even a phone call with the customer service. Internet of Thing (IoT) technology is already seen to be reshaping and revolutionising the retail industry, yielding advances and new opportunities in customer service, throughout the supply chain, and in brick-and-mortar stores and other channels — including new venues that show a lot of promise, such as home-based connected platforms. As the retail landscape evolves, and as customers place the greatest value on their time and attention, brands have responded by offering greater conveniences, customized experiences, and deeper levels of personalization. Today’s customers expect more from brands than ever before, and it’s these demands that continue to push the industry forward with great speed. This paper gives an overview of the current market trends that are shaping the Indian retail industry and highlights the specific areas on which retailers are working on with a view to improving customer experience such as premiumisation, social commerce, automated product delivery and touch less commerce. 

Surrogacy means as act of bearing a biological child of another woman having a financial or sentimental object. Commercial surrogacy means an act of surrogacy for financial gains. Although such acts are to fulfill the desire of issueless parents, may cause adverities to the life of gestational mother. Some decisions given by U.S. Courts in these matters suggest that the trends of commercial surrogacy may lead to legal battles and uncertainly of child’s future. The lawmakers of India should keenly and deeply observe the glabal scenario before passing any regulation in this delicate matter.

The present investigation aimed to compare high and low achievers of Mathematics on various socio-psycho-biographic variables. For the purpose a sample of 465 (289 male and 176 female) students of the age group between 14 to 18+ years, studying in the Xth  & XIth class of secondary schools situated in urban and rural areas of Agra Region was selected. Standardized as well as self-made tools were used to measure various independent variables. Discriminant Function analysis was carried to identify the various predictors of Mathematics achievement of the students. Results revealed that the subsequent predictors, which discriminate the two groups ie. high achievers and low achievers in Mathematics are Tutor helpfulness in  Study, Attitude towards Mathematics, Self Esteem, Delay of Gratification, Income, Social Maturity, Home Environment, Institutional Climate, Task Persistence, Sex, Educational Background of Parents, and Locus of Control.

After 72 years of Indian independence several progressive programs and projects have implemented for the development of dalit communities. But there is no proper implementations in entire Nellore district. Peopleare living with vague knowledge and their whole life style is on their aggressive and emotive based believes. Though this paper has illustrated the whole condition of their belief system by practicing several festivals. It portrayed the impact of conjectural beliefs on dalit livelihood due to the practice of festivals and worships.

A large amount of money has been distributed by the governments to improve education system in India, but the provision of education for all is still a distant dream. The main purpose of this study is to find an alternative teaching model which can opt for the e-revolution that has spread every aspect of our life. Implementation of Digital Education in rural area is best available option for utilization of e-Revolution. Although there have been attempts to incorporate DE in classroom but the significant result hasn’t been achieved. Our aim is not only to make e-learning effective but also to replace underqualified teacher in rural area and allow free infusion of education to bridge the digital dived amongst students of various socio economic background.

Present paper examines flood frequency analysis method using Log Pearson Type III Distribution and Gumbel’s Extreme Value Distribution method in in Dikrong river catchment which is located in the foot-hills of Arunachal Himalaya. The river catchment is characterized by the monsoon dominated hydrologic regime. For the purpose daily discharge statistics for 20 years were collected from Water resource Department, Govt. of Assam. The results of analysis indicate that the Gumbel Extreme Value Distribution is the most suitable method and gives more accurate results in the analysis of flood frequency for the Dikrong river catchment.

Students are the future of any nation but at initial level they are raw material which are carved as a beautiful masterpiece by a teacher,  hence a teacher play an important role to make a well cultured society and a strong nation but we all are influenced by our climate either positively or negatively. It’s Teachers climate which motivate them to do their work with full integrity and dedication at the same due to this climate lots of teacher lost their interest in their work. This research article explores the differences of motivational climate and it’s dimensions between arts and science stream teachers of government schools.  A total number of 300 secondary school teachers (150 science teachers & 150 arts teachers) comprised the sample for this study. A sample would be selected by adopting disproportionate stratified   random sampling method from population.  Self constructed tool by researcher was used for collecting data. The result revealed that students and teachers relationship and uses of IT shows significant difference between science and art teachers.

Morphometry  is  the  measurement  and  mathematical analysis of the configuration of the earth's surface, shape and  dimension  of  its  landforms  (Agarwal,  1998;  Obi Reddy et al., 2002). Morphometric analysis of the drainage system is an important aspect of characterization of a watershed as all the hydrologic and geomorphic process occur within the watershed.  The morphometric analysis of the drainage basin and  channel  network  play  a  vital  role  for  understanding the  geo-hydrological behavior of  drainage  basin  and expresses  the  prevailing  climate,  geology, geomorphology,  structural,  etc. antecedents of  the catchment. Detailed  morphometric  analysis  of  Bidoli Gad (tributary of Pashchimi Nayar River,Gargwal Himalaya) helps to  understanding  the  influence  of  drainage morphometric  network  on  landforms  and  their characteristics. The Bidoli Gad Riverhave 4? ? orders of streams. Keeping in view all such hydrological issues, the all orders streams have been taken into account under the present study.  Secondary data such as Landsat Data, toposheets (SOI) has been used to delineate the boundary of river basin and Arc Map 10.1, and other statistics software has been used for mapping and creating DEM of the study area.  The analysis has revealed that the total number as well as the total length of segment is maximum in first order streams and decreases as stream order increase. Present work will help to understand the morphometric characteristics for researcher and planner. 

The Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act, 1958 (AFSPA) gives blanket power to armed forces to kill its own citizen in mere suspicion and once the area is declared to be disturbed there is a reign of terror prevails.  Rape in armed conflict situations in NE particularly in Manipur is not merely a matter of chance, of women victims being in the wrong place at the wrong time. It is fact that the ongoing armed conflict situation in Manipur inherently creates a hostile environment for women, for which both parties to the conflict are responsible for this ugly face of conflict.  It is apparent that civilians including women and child have been the main victims of ongoing armed conflict in the state of Manipur. Women in Manipur are living under the shadow of a gun that can be wielded with impunity and no legal protection and no human rights for them, an antithesis to the constitutional democracy like ours.  The most workable measure in this juncture is to win the heart of people of NE India in particular Manipur and in this regard it high time to repeal AFSPA in the line of what Justice Reddy Commission recommendation.

Women constitute fifty percent of the world population and receive hardly ten percent of the world’s income and are the owner of less than one percent of world’s property. The main problem is that they bear a number of responsibilities, but they are not given sufficient participatory or basic leadership control in the family or elsewhere. India being a developing country and it is the Self Help Groups (SHGs) that have made most effective interventions for empowerment and alleviation of poverty to the poor women. Self Help Group is a self employment generation scheme for especially rural women to improve their living conditions. In India, this scheme is implemented with the assistance of NABARD as a fundamental nodal organization in .rural development. The idea of SHG introduced by the Ministry of Rural Development has taken its underlying foundations roots in nook and corner of the rural areas and in the semi-urban and urban areas, which help improve the living standards of women for everyday comforts. The strengthening of women is significant for the improvement of the nation. Women empowerment is a procedure where women challenge the existing norms and culture, to effectively advance their prosperity. The Indian Constitution grants equality to women in all aspects. In this regard, the year 2001 was praised as the time of Women Empowerment. This present study has been intended to follow out the effect of Self Help Group in women strengthening of Banspole Gram Panchayat under Habra II Block in North 24 Paraganas district of West Bengal, India. The objective of the present study is to know the socio economic improvement by the individuals subsequent to joining the SHGs .The data has been taken mainly from primary sources. Information was gathered through structured interview schedule from 80 respondents. The study focuses around the role of SHGs in women strengthening, and financial advancement. The findings of the study trace out that the SHGs have had more prominent effect on both financial perspectives and advancing women strengthening in a sustainable manner.

The present study aims to investigate the major constraints of sustainable livelihood facing by tribal people and seek to solution to overcome the constraints. The study was carried out in Rarh region of West Bengal in India. Hundred and twenty one CD blocks have been selected. After that, four regions have been created on the basis of secondary data. Then 150 household were surveyed with the help of structured questionnaire schedule from four regions. The results show that Livelihood capital is expanding from west to east within the study area. 64.55% area of the total region is under low to very low livelihoods Capital. The largest percentage of ST population to total population is living in low to very low livelihood resource region. The major constraints for sustainable livelihood are social capital then natural and physical capital. In High Livelihood Resource Region human capital (1.09) is the major constraints of sustainable livelihood. Financial capital 1.16 is the major constraints in Medium Livelihood resource Region. Human Capital (1.60) is that major constraint in Low livelihood resource region and financial capital 1.20 is the major constraints in very Low livelihood resource region. The average landholding of the tribal household in Rarh region is only 1.453 acres which leads to more than seventy percent tribal household has severely affected by lower standard of living condition. Healthcare, transport communication and employment facility is very poor satisfactions among tribal in Low Livelihood Resource Region and Very Low Livelihood Resource Region. And major suggestions are create awareness and give them power for participatory development and create new job opportunity for mass tribal youth.

Teaching and learning are processes which had been going on forever. However, the process of teaching and learning has changed considerably with the permeating of information technology into its realm. There is a call for a greater preparation and training. The information technology which is active in the education system is the information communication technology. Again on referring of the term information technology, teachers have their own opinions and attitude towards it. Hence the present study aims to find out the attitude of teachers towards information technology.

Micro Finance refers to the entire range of financial and non-financial services, including skill up-gradation and entrepreneurship development rendered to the poor to get them tide-over poverty. The institutions which render such financial and non-financial services to its customers of vulnerable groups are called Micro-Finance Institution (MFIs) ; while the MFIs which do not provide any service other than concentrating on credit and resource mobilization, are called Micro-credit Institution (MCIs). The dividing line between the two may be elegant only theoretically with limited practical significance.  Because, for most of MFIs, micro-credit is the prime activity (Rathnam, 2009). As Micro Credit services came within ambit of Micro Finance services and as most of the institutions serving this cause of poor people identify themselves as MFIs, the present study uses the term “Micro-Finance” without any qualification as to whether the sample beneficiaries enjoy only micro- credit services or other services as well from their lending agencies. However, in deserving cases, terms micro credit and micro finance will be used interchangeably to represent the same idea.

India is a developing country where low infrastructural development coupled with high population growth has made the life of many poor people very difficult. Yet there is a wide range of variation on educational expenditure among different groups of people. Expenditure pattern plays a vital role in the economy in several ways. It is closely linked to elderly people’s poverty, wellbeing and living standards. Despite all these efforts we find that even now they continue to remain marginalized from enjoying the fruits of development. In this situation, the present study makes an attempt to analyse the socio-economic background and the expenditure pattern. The survey was conducted from 150 elderly people from rural and urban area from August 2017 to November 2017 in Virudhunagar District of Tamil Nadu.  The study has found that the levels of living of the rural households have been much improved, but proportionately  the prices of goods and services in the market have also increased, so the degree of improvement is not much high in comparison as it is visible.

The year between puberty and menopause is a new phase of physical, mental, and social development. However, this period can also be marked as the most critical phase in women’s lives especially in the context of her sexual health. A woman can fall into sexual health issues if she lacks the proper knowledge and voice, support and encouragement from people around her.  Health policy-makers must be concerned as this health risk may not only result in an increase of mortality and disability but many times gender differences and stigma associated with sexual life and health can destroy women’s life. Millions of cases of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI)are registered annually. Though most of these cases are treatable but many remain untreated due to difficulty in diagnosis, absence of proper health service and awareness and ignorance from the people towards the sexual issues. In patriarchal society women have to face the social stigmas associated with her sexuality and health. The paper aims to discuss how women’s sexual health is affected by gender and socio-cultural factors and how this increases her vulnerability to Sexually Transmitted Infections.

An entrepreneur is an individual who engages in some risk-taking behavior in the investment of resources to achieve a goal. Business entrepreneurs organize and manage resources to make profits and add value to their businesses; where as Social entrepreneurs seek to generate “social value” rather than profits. These entrepreneurs focus on particular social problems and draw on resources or an idea they have thought through to address the problems. Muhammad Yunus, who in 1983 founded the Grameen Bank in Bangladesh, is a well known example of a social entrepreneur. He helped the poor in Bangladesh to escape poverty by organizing a micro-credit system with terms that helped them to get out of poverty. In this paper, I introduce the concept of Setting up and Management of Social Entrepreneurial activities, which would involve organize, create and manage a social venture to achieve a desired social change. They need to set up their objectives and work towards their achievement through managerial functions.